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Syringic acid suppresses Cutibacterium acnes-induced inflammation in human keratinocytes via regulating the NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β signaling axis by activating PPARγ/Nrf2-antioxidant pathway

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机构: [1]Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China [2]Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China [3]Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China [4]Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine and Public Center of Experimental Technology of Pathogen Biology technology platform, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
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关键词: Cutibacterium acnes Inflammation Oxidative stress PPARγ Nrf2 NLRP3 Caspase-1 Syringic Acid

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Our previous studies have demonstrated a strong relationship betweenCutibacterium acnes(C. acnes), oxidative stress, and acne inflammation. Syringic acid (SA) is a plant widely used for its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities, but lacking data on acne. This study aims to investigate the effect and mechanism of SA on acne inflammation induced by C. acnes in vitro and in vivo.After using the SA to expose HaCaT keratinocytes, we reevaluated the effect of the SA on cell viability, cell apoptosis, ROS, CAT, SOD, and other inflammatory variables in the heat-killed C. acnes-treated HaCaT cells. Next, to induce mice with acne inflammation, ICR mice were given an intradermal injection of live C. acnes into their right ears. The effect of SA on this inflammation was then examined. Moreover, we explored the mechanism of SA on PPARγ/Nrf2 and NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β pathways by ELISA, immunofluorescence microscopy, and western blot assay.Heat-killed C. acnes triggered remarkable cell apoptosis, ROS production, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, IL-6, and TNF-α release, reduced SOD and CAT activity, and upregulated the expression of proteins in HaCaT cells, including up-regulating IL-1β, PPARγ, Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1, NLRP3, and caspase-1, whereas SA inhibited these effects by partially impairing PPARγ activation. In addition, PPARγ silencing decreased C. acnes-induced IL-1β secretion and the production of intracellular ROS, down-regulating the expression of Nrf2. Nrf2 activator (SFN) enhanced anti-inflammatory activity through antioxidant mechanisms, boosting intracellular ROS production, reducing SOD and CAT activity, and promoting the increase in ROS, HO-1, NQO1, and IL-1β levels, while PPARγ inhibitor (GW662) effectively inhibited this effect in heat-killed C. acnes-treated cells. Finally, SA also exhibited notable improvements in ear redness, swelling, and the expression of PPARγ, NLRP3, and IL-1β in vivo.SA inhibited C. acnes-induced inflammation via regulating the NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β signaling axis by activating the PPARγ/Nrf2-antioxidant pathway, suggesting a new treatment possibility for acne vulgaris.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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大类 | 2 区 医学
小类 | 2 区 免疫学 2 区 药学
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Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Q2 IMMUNOLOGY

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第一作者机构: [1]Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China [2]Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
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