The incidence of thyroid cancer has appeared as an increasing trend globally, especially in Asian countries. In this study, the expression of mucin-1 (MUC1) and Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen, Gal beta 1-3GalNAc alpha 1-R (CD176) was investigated by immunohistochemistry in papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs), which accounts for approximately 80 % of all thyroid cancer. We found that 78 % of PTC overexpressed MUC1. Importantly, we observed firstly that CD176 was expressed in 63 % of PTC, but was faintly or not expressed in normal thyroid tissues and benign thyroid disease tissues, indicating that CD176 is also a tumour-associated antigen for PTCs. Moreover, expression of CD176 was strongly correlated with MUC1 by immunohistochemical staining in PTCs. Furthermore, we used the immunochemical method to confirm that MUC1 is a common and main carrier of CD176 in PTCs. Our data demonstrated that MUC1 and CD176 might be promising biomarkers for thyroid cancer.