Objective: Variations in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in different races were reported. We sought to report this prevalence and its components in Chinese women with PCOS and compared these characteristics with healthy controls. Design: Anthropometric measurements and biochemical parameters were evaluated in 578 PCOS patients diagnosed by the Rotterdam criteria and 281 age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched controls. International Diabetes Federation criteria for MetS were used. Results: The prevalence of MetS was -16.8% in this study, and 60.7% of patients displayed at least one component of MetS. Among the patients, the rates of dyslipidemia, impaired fasting glucose. and elevated blood pressure were 41.6, 19.8, and 16.1%, respectively: the rates of these corresponding components in age- and BMI-matched controls were 14.6, 5.3, and 5.7% respectively. In PCOS patients. the prevalence of MetS was 0.0, 3.9, 20.2, and 51.1%, for four different BMI groups respectively; the prevalence of MetS was 7.3, 14.9, 24.2. and 42.4% in the four age groups respectively. Nearly 90%, of patients diagnosed with MetS belonged to overweight and obese groups. BMI and age rather than free testosterone, free androgen index, fasting insulin, or sex hormone-binding globulin were included in formulation for predicting MetS according to multivariable logistic regression. Conclusions: Low prevalence of MetS but high occurrence of various metabolic disorders was found in women with PCOS compared with age- and BMI-matched controls in this study. BMI and age appeared to contribute more to developing MetS than other parameters associated with insulin resistance or hyperandrogenism.