机构：[1]Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.[2]Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.[3]Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Medical School, South Korea.[4]Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, Geonggi-do, South Korea.[5]Pulmonary Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.昆明医科大学附属第一医院[6]The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem Israel.[7]Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.[8]Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
Accidental or intentional cyanide ingestion is an-ever present danger. Rapidly acting, safe, inexpensive oral cyanide antidotes are needed that can neutralize large gastrointestinal cyanide reservoirs. Since humans cannot be exposed to cyanide experimentally, we studied oral cyanide poisoning in rabbits, testing oral sodium thiosulfate with and without gastric alkalization.
University research laboratory.
New Zealand white rabbits.
Seven animal groups studied; Groups 1-5 received high dose oral NaCN (50 mg, >LD100) and were treated immediately with oral (via nasogastric tube): 1) saline, 2) glycine, 3) sodium thiosulfate or 4) sodium thiosulfate and glycine, or 5) after 2 min with intramuscular injection of sodium nitrite and sodium thiosulfate plus oral sodium thiosulfate and glycine. Groups 6-7 received moderate dose oral NaCN (25 mg, LD70) and delayed intramuscular 6) saline or 7) sodium nitrite-sodium thiosulfate.
All animals in the high dose NaCN group receiving oral saline or glycine died very rapidly, with a trend towards delayed death in glycine-treated animals; saline versus glycine-treated animals died at 10.3+3.9 and 14.6+5.9 min, respectively (p=0.13). In contrast, all sodium thiosulfate-treated high dose cyanide animals survived (p<0.01), with more rapid recovery in animals receiving both thiosulfate and glycine, compared to thiosulfate alone (p<0.03). Delayed intramuscular treatment alone in the moderate cyanide dose animals increased survival over control animals from 30% to 71%. Delayed treatment in high dose cyanide animals was not as effective as immediate treatment, but did increase survival time and rescued 29% of animals (p<0.01 versus cyanide alone).
Oral sodium thiosulfate with gastric alkalization rescued animals from lethal doses of ingested cyanide. The combination of oral glycine and sodium thiosulfate may have potential for treating high dose acute cyanide ingestion and merits further investigation. The combination of systemic and oral therapy may provide further options.
语种：
外文
PubmedID：
第一作者：
第一作者机构：[1]Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.[2]Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.
推荐引用方式(GB/T 7714)：
Brenner Matthew,Azer Sarah M,Oh Kyung-Jin,et al.Oral Glycine and Sodium Thiosulfate for Lethal Cyanide Ingestion.[J].Journal of clinical toxicology.2017,7(3):doi:10.4172/2167-7972.1000355.
APA：
Brenner Matthew,Azer Sarah M,Oh Kyung-Jin,Han Chang Hoon,Lee Jangwoen...&Boss Gerry R.(2017).Oral Glycine and Sodium Thiosulfate for Lethal Cyanide Ingestion..Journal of clinical toxicology,7,(3)
MLA：
Brenner Matthew,et al."Oral Glycine and Sodium Thiosulfate for Lethal Cyanide Ingestion.".Journal of clinical toxicology 7..3(2017)
