The aim of this study is to explore whether the single nucleotide polymorphism rs2275294 in the ZNF512B gene is related to the length of survival of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This prospective study examined 212 patients with ALS, who were genotyped at the rs2275294 locus in ZNF512B using the ligase method. Genotype was compared with clinical data and survival. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox hazard regression were used to identify risk factors of shorter survival. Our results were meta-analyzed together with previous work in order to examine the potential association between the rs2275294-C allele and survival. Of the 212 patients, 166 carried the CC + CT genotype at the rs2275294 locus, while 46 carried the TT genotype. Patients with the C allele showed significantly shorter survival than those without it (34.13 ± 1.9 vs. 45.32 ± 5.7 months, p = 0.036). Cox analysis identified the C allele and time from symptom onset to diagnosis as risk factors for shorter survival. Meta-analysis of 447 patients in China and Japan confirmed the rs2275294-C allele to be an independent risk factor of shorter survival in ALS patients. The C allele at the rs2275294 locus in ZNF512B is a risk factor for shorter survival in patients with ALS.