The present study aimed to investigate the effects of amygdalin on alcohol-induced adipogenic differentiation of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Methods: New Zealand white rabbit adipocytes were extracted and cultured, and the rabbits were divided into five groups: the normal group, the model group, and the amygdalin low-middle-high concentration groups. Adipocytes were stained by oil-red O staining method. Triglycerides (TG) contents were measured. Osteocalcin (OCN) and Type I collagen were detected using Immunohistochemical staining method. Alkaline phosphatase cells were stained by improved Gomori chemical staining assay. PPARγ and Cbfαl mRNA gene expressions were measured through PCR assay. Results: Amygdalin in different doses can reduce the occurrence and numbers of lipid droplets, in a positively proportional way. The model groups exhibited the most obvious increase of lipid droplets along with time. TG contents were reduced, proportionally to doses. Immunohistochemistry found that OCN expression increased and Type I collagen expression decreased. Alkaline phosphatase cells increased, PPARγ expression decreased, and Cbfαl expression increased. Conclusions: Alcohol can facilitate the hypertrophy, proliferation and differentiation of marrow adipocytes, so that the bone marrow adipose tissue increased, internal bone pressure increased, blood flow reduced, leading to ischemia, which incurred femoral head necrosis. However, amygdalin is capable of inhibiting differentiation of adipocytes, which is of clinical application and innovation.